Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Mechanisms, Approaches to Counter

Автор: D.V. Debabov

Страница: 7-17

Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Mechanisms, Approaches to Counter

Biotekhnologiya, 2012, N 4, P. 7-17

UDC 615.33

Section:  “Problems and Prospects”

D.V. Debabov

NovaBay Pharmaceuticals Inc.,  CA 94404, Emeryville USA

e-mail:  ddebabov@gmail.com

Microbial resistance is emerging faster than we are replacing our armamentarium of antimicrobial agents. Resistance to penicillin developed soon after it was introduced into clinical practice in 1940s. Now resistance accompanies the application of every major class of antibiotics. In healthcare facilities around the world, bacterial pathogens that express multiple resistance mechanisms are becoming common. The origins of antibiotic resistance genes can be traced in the environmental microbiota. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance include alterations in bacterial cell wall structure, growth in biofilms, efflux pump genes expression, modification of an antibiotic target or acquisition of a new target and enzymatic modification of the antibiotic itself. Specific examples of each mechanism are discussed in this review. Some approaches to counter resistance include antibiotic stewardship, co-administration with resistance inhibitors, exploiting genome data in search of new targets and use of non-antibiotic antimicrobials for topical indications. A coordinated effort from government, public and industry is needed to deal with antibiotic resistance health care crisis.

Key words:  antibiotic resistance,  mechanism of resistance,  options for resistance countering,  ways for dissemination in environment.

The full English version of the article was published in “Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology”, 2013, Vol. 49, Issue 8, pp. 665-671 as Dmitri Debabov “Antibiotic resistance: Origins, mechanisms, approaches to counter”.

It is contained at the SpringerLink website:  http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0003683813080024

DOI: 10.1134/S0003683813080024

08.05.2015, 1532 просмотра.